Australia has a public-funded universal health care system. This system is funded by imposing a Medicare levy (a tax) on the Australian public. A large number of Australians who pay this tax never visit a doctor. It is unfair to impose a tax on people for a service they do not use. Government-funded health care should be replaced with private health care.

Which of the following weakens the above argument the most?

There are thousands of asylum seekers in immigration detention in Australia, including a significant number of children. The Australian Government spends millions of dollars of public money to keep these people in detention. The conditions in detention centers are poor, and reports of abuse are common. The incidence of mental problems is very high among people in detention. There have been instances where people have committed or attempted to commit suicide.  Keeping children in detention hurts their mental health. In interviews, children have complained about feeling extremely sad and crying constantly. Australia should adopt a more humane immigration policy for asylum seekers.

Which of the following statements weakens the argument the most?

Victorian students are learning in classrooms with inferior air quality. A year-long analysis of Victorian primary and secondary school classrooms has found the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) often far exceeds the maximum acceptable standard. Elevated CO₂ concentrations can cause headaches, drowsiness, and lethargy. Children under 15 are particularly vulnerable to poor air quality. Pollutant exposure during developmental stages may produce lifelong issues such as respiratory infections. Poor ventilation is the cause of high levels of CO2. Levels. The ventilation levels need to be improved in Victorian classrooms*.

What is the main conclusion of the passage above?

*https://theconversation.com/australian-children-are-learning-in-classrooms-with-very-poor-air-quality-154950

The manufacturing of an electric vehicle causes much more pollution than the manufacture of traditional vehicles. However, this increased pollution is set off in a few years of operating electric vehicles since they have zero emissions in the operational phase. Over the lifecycle of the vehicle, considerable environmental benefits accrue. Electric vehicles will replace traditional petrol and diesel cars in the future.

Which statement/s strengthens the argument ?

Jobs are likely to become scarce in the future. An increase in automation, progress in artificial intelligence, and mechanization will reduce the number of people needed to do a job. The trend has already started. Fewer workers are needed in warehouses. Self-driving cars and vehicles are likely to replace human drivers shortly. Automatic checkout counters have reduced the retail staff needed.  Numerous other examples can be given. Buying a robot with years of functional life is much cheaper than employing a worker and paying him every year. This phenomenon is likely to have a greater impact on workers doing manual jobs at low pay rates. Educated and highly skilled workers will not be impacted that much. Thus, getting a higher education and acquiring higher-order critical thinking and problem-solving skills has become more crucial than ever before.

Which of the following statements strengthens the argument the most?

Five people live in a row on the street numbered 1-5. The following information is given to you.

Neil lives immediately before Danny and drives a Ute.

Adam and Barry do not live in adjacent houses, and Adam drives a four-wheel drive.

Barry drives a station wagon, and Danny does not drive a large sedan.

One person Drives a large sedan, and another person drives a small sedan.

Only Adam lives before Harry.

Which vehicle does Harry drive?

Barry is being offered three jobs;

• Job A offers an annual salary of $65000 plus a 2% bonus on sales made.
• Job B offers an annual salary of $70000 plus a 1.5% bonus on sales made.
• Job C offers an annual salary of $55,000 plus a 2.5% bonus on sales made.

The sales average sales made by Barry are $800,000. This can be used for calculating the bonus.

Which job should Barry accept?

Barry is being offered two jobs;

• Job A offers an annual salary of $70000 plus a 1% bonus on sales made. Barry expects to make sales of 800,000 if he takes this job as the company has a limited product for sale.
• Job B offers an annual salary of  $50,000 plus a 2.5% bonus on sales made. The company has a much wider variety of products for sale.

Barry is very confident that he can earn more bonus and has accepted job B.

How much sales Barry needs to make to earn the same amount that he would have earned if he had accepted Job A?

The following table shows the results of a survey conducted in Australia.

How many people in Sydney and Brisbane have a salary not exceeding $75000?

A student has made the following figure

What is the minimum number of different colours required to paint the given figure such that no adjacent regions have the same colour?

When viewed from the top, an 8-sided object looks like the picture shown below:

Which one of the following cannot be the side view? 

Part of the pattern on the floor has been covered by a carpet as shown below

Using the same orientation as the diagram above, what is the pattern that is covered by the carpet?

According to the Australian Red Cross, every blood donation saves three lives. Many people need blood regularly due to medical conditions. Others need blood to overcome an adverse event like an accident or cancer. According to Red Cross Australia, a blood donation is needed every 24 seconds. Donating blood once a year should be made mandatory for everyone above 18 years of age.

What is the main conclusion of the argument above?

According to the Australian Red Cross, every blood donation saves three lives. Many people need blood regularly due to medical conditions. Others need blood to overcome an adverse event like an accident or cancer. According to Red Cross Australia, a blood donation is needed every 24 seconds. Donating blood once a year should be made mandatory for everyone above 18 years of age.

Which argument strengthens the above argument the most?

According to the Australian Red Cross, every blood donation saves three lives. Many people need blood regularly due to medical conditions. Others need blood to overcome an adverse event like an accident or cancer. According to Red Cross Australia, a blood donation is needed every 24 seconds. Donating blood once a year should be made mandatory for everyone above 18 years of age.

Which of the following arguments weakens the argument the most?

According to the Australian Red Cross, every blood donation saves three lives. Many people need blood regularly due to medical conditions. Others need blood to overcome an adverse event like an accident or cancer. According to Red Cross Australia, a blood donation is needed every 24 seconds. Donating blood once a year should be made mandatory for everyone above 18 years of age.

What assumption/s are implicit in the above argument?

Mr. and Mrs. Smith have two sons studying at University in another state. When they are on their own, they spend $100 on food, $50 on household items, and $ 30 on food for their dog Shadow every month. When the sons return home for one month during December, spending on household goods and dog food increase by 20%.

If they spend a total of $250 during December on the above three items by how does their spending on food increase?

John and Mike started cycling at 1.00 PM from the same spot. They are on a cycling circular cycling track which is 45 km long. John is cycling at 12km/hour in the clockwise direction. Mike is cycling at 15km/hour in the anticlockwise direction.

At what time will they cross each other?

The following two pie charts are given to you.

If the total amount spent is $10,000, how much can they save if they stop eating out?

A large-scale survey conducted all over  Australia found that people who played Chess performed 50% better academically than people who played any other sport. The study recommended that students intending to improve their academic performance should play Chess.

what is the flaw in the reasoning used by the study?

PSA, a protein produced by prostate gland cells, circulates through the body in two ways: either bound to other proteins or on its own. PSA traveling alone is called free PSA. The following chart shows the relationship between Free PSA, age and the probability of cancer

The RedBurn, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons   

Which of the following conclusion/s can be drawn from the above chart?

The following chart is given to you.

Blnguyen/en:User:YellowMonkey, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

Notes-

1. The round blue circles denote when the batsmen was not out.

2. The pink bars show runs scored in first class.

3. The red bars are runs scored in international Test matches. 

4. When a batsman does not get out that innings is not used to calculate average. 

which of the following statement/s is correct?

Luke has just completed reading the seven books in the Harry Potter series. He has stacked the books on top of each other.  The first two books have been placed at the bottom, beginning with book one. Book three is in the middle of the seven books. Books 4 and 5 are not together, but book 5  is above book 4. Books 6 and 7 are together. Book 7 is not at the top.

What is the total number of ways in which the books can be arranged?

Four small pieces of a puzzle are shown below

Which one of the following big pieces can be combined with the four small pieces to make a Asquare?

A carpet has the pattern shown below

Which of the following figures is covered by the grey box?

Seven mobile phone models A, B,C,D,E,F,G—are assembled on seven assembly lines, one model to a line. The seven lines are arranged side by side and numbered consecutively 1 through 7. Assignment of models to lines must meet these conditions:

A is assembled on a lower-numbered line than D.

F is assembled on the line numbered one lower than the line on which B is assembled.

C is assembled on line 1 or else line 7.

G is assembled on line 4.

Which is one of the orders in which the assembly line can be arranged?

Tom needs a new lawnmower. He says,” I have to drive 40 km to buy a lawn lower from Bunnings. There is no Bunnings near my house.”

What is the flaw in his argument?

According to Cricket Australia Final Injury report, the number of injuries due to professional players has increased. Despite a rise in the number of injuries, players do not take out insurance against injuries. If the players took out adequate insurance, they would get their treatment costs reimbursed and suffer from a smaller income loss. Cricket Australia is strongly advising professional players to have adequate insurance to mitigate the loss of income and treatment costs. It is time that having adequate insurance be made a pre-condition for selection for professional players.

What is the implicit assumption in the above argument?

The number of injuries in all professional sports is increasing due to the extreme fitness required. Professional sportsmen and sportswomen exercise daily, sometimes twice a day, as a part of their schedule. This daily punishing load on the body causes most injuries. If they played fewer tournaments, the injuries would decline.

What is the flaw in the above argument?

Doctor: “To lose weight, you must exercise regularly. If you exercise every day for a minimum of 30 minutes, you will lose weight.”

What is the flaw in the above statement?

A group of schoolchildren visited the Sydney Zoo with four teachers. The entry ticket was $60 per head for adults and $30 per head for children. Fifty children watched the bird show, for which they paid $10 per person extra. Sixty children watched the seal show, for which they had to pay $15 per head extra. The total amount spent entry and shows was $5240. How many children went to the zoo?

Jimmy is constructing his house as an owner-builder as he has worked in the construction industry all his life. A truck has delivered 100 bags of sand weighing 10 kg each, 50 bags of cement weighing 15 kg each, and 25 bags of gravel weighing 20 kg each. The sand, cement, and gravel need to be moved from the front of the house to the backyard. Jimmy is moving the bags using an industrial trolley which can carry a maximum of 190 kg.

What is the minimum number of trips he needs to move the materials to the backyard?

A  job advertisement states

Site Manager – Northern Beaches

Our ideal candidate will have:

NSW Supervisor License
Trade qualification (must have)
Excellent interpersonal skills
High attention to detail
A vehicle and current driver’s license (must have)

Tom: “Barry has all the required skills and a trade qualification and current drivers license, he will surely get the job.”

Sam: “Harry does not have a trade qualification so he cannot get the job.”

Who is correct ?

Big businesses spend millions of dollars on advertising to attract a large number of new customers. Small businesses   cannot attract a large number of new customers as they lack the ability to advertise on a massive scale. Thus big businesses will continue to grow at a much faster rate than small businesses.

What is the flaw in the above argument ?

Luke: ” My uncle is the Chief surgeon at a big hospital and a multi-millionaire. He told me never to invest in shares and invest only in property. I am going to follow his advise and invest only in property.”

what is the flaw in Luke’s reasoning?

Which of the following Venn diagrams represent the relation between Women, mothers and doctors?

The following two statements are given to you
1) Debbie did not study during the holidays.
2) Debbie attended painting classes during the holidays.

Which of the following statements is correct?

The net of a dice is given below

which of the following dice can be made from it

The traffic rules in NSW have a demerit points system. When a person commits a traffic offence he is allocated demerit points applicable to the offence. The number of demerit points for different offences varies between 1-10. If a person accumulates 13 or more demerit points his license is suspended. John just got his license suspended. He has gained back 4 demerit points during the last three years and lost 15 demerit points during the same period.

How many demerit points did John have at the beginning of the last three year period?

Kyle: “If I don’t sleep soundly at night sometimes I am unable to focus at the office next day. My supervisor is a mean guy. If he notices that I am not focused then he indirectly threatens me by suggesting subtly that I might lose my job. His threats usually upsets me. When I get upset at the office I always go to the pub after work and usually drink too much. I should not let the supervisors behaviour upset me.”

If the above information is correct, which of the following is not possible?